Story Published:
Nov 1, 2002 at 2:31 PM PST
Story Updated:
Aug 30, 2006 at 11:51 PM PST
SEATTLE - Imagine finding out the medicine you're taking is the wrong dosage, or even the wrong drug than your doctor prescribed, because your pharmacy made a mistake.
Now, thousands of prescriptions get filled every day with no problem. But state pharmacy investigators tell KOMO 4 News that hundreds of mistakes go unreported, because you don't know whom to call.
State investigators say for every one medicine mix-up they hear about, at least 10 more go unreported.
"It scares me. It scares me to know that I can't trust my pharmacist," said Julie Dunlap.
This past summer, Julie Dunlap's baby had a sinus infection. The doctor prescribed the antibiotic Amoxicillin, which for 3-month-old Jennah, should have been diluted to an infant dosage.
Instead, she got twice the concentration the doctor ordered.
Julie noticed the liquid was too thick and went back to the pharmacy. Luckily, baby Jennah only got one double dose and had no adverse reaction.
But, Julie had no idea where else to take her complaint.
"The first thing I thought of was to call the Food and Drug Administration," she said.
Most consumers don't know that pharmacies are regulated by the Board of Pharmacy in Olympia, whose biggest focus is medication errors.
"As far as we're concerned, that's the top of our priorities," said Don Williams of the Board of Pharmacy.
Despite a recent decrease in complaints, the Pharmacy Board says too many physicians still write illegible prescriptions, and too many pharmacies drop the ball.
"No prescription should leave a pharmacy before it gets double checked by the pharmacist," Williams said.
But it doesn't always happen. Gina Hoppa is supposed to take purple pills for depression. The pharmacy gave her blue pills instead. It was the same anti-depressant, but the wrong dosage.
"You start messing around with the dosages, it could cause serious mental problems," she said.
To make things worse, it happened again with another prescription.
"A couple of months later I went back and got a refill of my birth control pills," she said.
Instead of the "Progestin only" pill her doctor prescribed, the pharmacist gave her pills with estrogen.
The problem: Gina was still breastfeeding her son. Estrogen is a no-no for nursing mothers.
"This is my child. This could have harmed my child," she said.
Both Gina and Julie got their prescriptions from two different Walgreen's -- one of the biggest pharmacy chains in the state.
Walgreen's Corporate spokeswoman, Carol Hively, told KOMO 4 News the company accepts blame, and will continue to closely monitor the two stores involved. An employee at one of the stores is no longer with the company.
Josephine Legan, 78, got a refill of pain medication Celebrex for arthritis from a Rite-Aid store. She takes it three times a day.
Only her refill in June was not Celebrex. It was "Celexa" -- an anti-depressant.
Josephine unknowingly took anti-depressants for nearly five weeks.
"I just slept and slept and slept and slept," she said.
Then her daughter Terri questioned the pharmacists and uncovered the mix-up.
"And I was screaming at the pharmacist, like 'How the hell could this happen?' " Terri said.
Their response: Two medicines with similar names, side by side on the pharmacy shelf. Someone had grabbed the wrong bottle.
Jody Cook, a Rite-Aid corporate representative, told us the pharmacist involved has been reprimanded and retrained, and the company has taken steps to prevent such an error from happening again.
Investigators say there is no pattern of problems at any pharmacy. The mistakes are random and unrelated.
The State Board of Pharmacy says the most common prescription errors are the wrong dose, the wrong drug and mislabeled medicine.
And, guess what? Pharmacies don't always report mix-ups. They don't have to.
Which brings it back to you -- know your rights.
"For one thing, the pharmacist is supposed to discuss the medication with the patient," Williams said.
Before you pay for your medicine, double-check the contents. If it's a refill, does it look the same as before?
If it's a medicine you're taking for the first time, ask questions. What is the medication? What's it for?
Most pharmacists volunteer the information, but if yours doesn't, ask.
And urge your doctor to write the purpose of the medication on the original prescription so it's included on the label.
And before you go the pharmacy, go to your computer and do an Internet search for "prescription drug reference".
You'll get full details about the drug you're taking and a picture showing exactly what it should look like.
More Information:
Pharmacists Top Public Trust Polls
The Washington State Pharmacy Association says it shares concern about prescription mistakes. In addition to taking part in the state's Medication Safety Task Force, it provides continuing education to its members on the subject of error prevention.
"Pharmacists care deeply about their patients and their well being, and take the utmost of care to fill prescriptions accurately.", says Association President Charles J. Kahler.
The association says most pharmacies have an ongoing quality improvement program to detect errors and determine ways to prevent them from reoccurring.
"Pharmacists are at the top of public trust polls for a reason," says the group's President-elect Michael Brandt. "We provide patients with clear, concise information based on fact, with the best interest of the patient at the forefront. "
The WSPA says pharmacists must work in a "pressure cooker" atmosphere, filling an average of 17 prescriptions an hour. That works out to one prescription every 4 minutes. The group says patients can help reduce the error producing stress placed on pharmacists, by allowing the pharmacists sufficient time to fill their prescriptions.
Sources of Prescription Errors
Between 1998 and 2002, the source of errors investigated by the state involved the following:
63.5% - wrong dose or the wrong drug.
14.1% - mislabeling
3.5% - error at time of refill
2.6%- unauthorized refills
All other errors accounted for less that 2 percent.
State investigators say the number of reported medication errors is small, less than .001 percent, compared to the approximately 60 million prescriptions dispensed across the state every year.
The pharmacy board is quick to point out however, that even one mistake, can place an individual at risk.
Look Alike Packaging
The Board of Pharmacy points to drug manufactures as a factor in the confusion.
Drug makers tend to use similar labeling and often similar-sounding names for different drugs.
As a result, a pharmacist may grab the allergy medication Zyrtec instead of the stomach remedy Zantac, Prilosec for ulcers instead of Prozac for depression or, as in our report, the anti-depressant Celexa instead of Celebrex for arthritis.
Poor Physician Penmanship
Despite appeals to the medical community, illegible writing by doctors is still a significant contributor to mix-ups at the pharmacy.
Attempts at legislating prescription legibility at the state level have been unsuccessful.
Many practitioners have agreed voluntarily to include the purpose of the medication on the prescription, so the pharmacists can include that information on the label as another safeguard for patients.
According to its last survey, Board of Pharmacy Executive Director Don Williams told KOMO 4 News only 1-in-4 doctor's prescriptions include notations of what the medication is for.
"I don't think it's acceptable," says Williams.
Williams adds the state continues to educate pharmacies and health care providers about standardizing terminology, eliminating the use of confusing abbreviations, explaining medication to patients and recording the age on the prescription for all children under 14.
Consumers are urged to keep a written record of all their medications and provide copies to their physicians and pharmacists to help avoid serious mistakes.
Washington State Board of Pharmacy
The Board of Pharmacy licenses all pharmacies and pharmacists in the state and is responsible for oversight of pharmacy practices.
When the board receives a prescription error complaint, investigators first determine if further investigation is needed. In order for an investigation to occur, the consumer must sign a waiver of confidentiality, which gives investigators access to the patient's private medical information on the prescription.
The pharmacy is notified and the pharmacists' records are pulled.
There are currently nine pharmacy investigators covering the entire State of Washington. Each investigator handles about 20 cases at a time, in addition to inspecting pharmacies and manufacturers.
According to investigators, nearly 1-in-4 prescription error cases are closed because consumers do not follow through.
Report Mistakes
Because there is no legal requirement for pharmacies to report prescription errors, the handling of such mistakes is determined by the pharmacy.
Pharmacists typically respond promptly to correct the errors when contacted by consumers, and, in fact, the state says most dispensing errors are corrected in this manner.
But since most consumers don't know to contact the Board of Pharmacy, and pharmacies don't volunteer the information, the state says the number of actual mistakes could be 10 times higher than what's reported.
If you received the incorrect medication, contact both the pharmacy and the Board of Pharmacy in Olympia.
If you've already been taking the wrong medication, notify your physician. Get the prescription corrected but keep the wrong medication. The state says investigators will want to see the mistake as part of their follow-up procedures.
More Online Information:
State Board of Pharmacy -- www.wa.gov/doh. Complaints and Questions: 1-800-896-0522.
Prescription Drug Reference -- www.healthsquare.com